An intraductal papilloma is a benign tumor that arises within the milk ducts of the breast. Despite the word “tumor,” this lesion is non-cancerous and is composed of a small growth of epithelial and myoepithelial cells supported by a fibrovascular…
Fibrocystic breast disease, more accurately called fibrocystic breast changes, is one of the most common benign conditions affecting the breast. Despite the word “disease,” it is not a true disease but rather a spectrum of normal, non-cancerous changes that occur…
Beyond widely recognized autoimmune diseases like Hashimoto thyroiditis, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus, there are several other conditions that are frequently encountered in clinical practice and often require equally careful diagnostic evaluation. Among the most common in this next…
